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- <text id=90TT0724>
- <title>
- Mar. 19, 1990: Trashing Mount Sinai
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Mar. 19, 1990 The Right To Die
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ESSAY, Page 92
- Trashing Mount Sinai
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Lance Morrow
- </p>
- <p> Elvis Presley's Graceland in Memphis has become a shrine,
- a sort of tackiness made sacred. Mount Sinai, where God came
- to earth, is about to become a sacred place made tacky.
- </p>
- <p> A billboard on a road six miles north of Sinai's Monastery
- of St. Catherine says, "At this site will be 500 villas, a
- tourist village with 250 rooms, two hotels with 400 rooms,
- shopping center, school and hospital, supplied by all
- facilities." The "great and terrible wilderness" described by
- Deuteronomy is on its way to becoming a tourist trap.
- </p>
- <p> The pilgrim will no longer have to make the 2 1/2-hour climb
- from the monastery, on the steep steps carved in rock by
- Byzantine monks who began the task in the 6th century. Unless
- better angels intervene, there is to be a cable car to whisk
- the pilgrim up the volcanic rock. At the upper terminus,
- according to one plan, he will find a restaurant, a casino
- (which in Egypt is not a gambling house but a nonalcoholic
- nightclub) and probably an asphalt walkway lighted at night to
- take the visitor to where Moses and God met.
- </p>
- <p> "In other parts of Africa," the author Paul Bowles remarked,
- "you are aware of the earth beneath your feet, of the
- vegetation and the animals; all power seems concentrated in the
- earth. In North Africa the earth becomes the less important
- part of the landscape because you find yourself constantly
- raising your eyes to look at the sky. In the arid landscape the
- sky is the final arbiter." Is that the reason the three great
- monotheisms (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) were born in the
- desert, the reason that all the specialized deities left the
- earth and went into the upper air to coalesce into one invisible
- God?
- </p>
- <p> The Lord "descended upon [Mount Sinai] in fire," Exodus
- records. The Lord gave the Law to Moses there: "And all the
- people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise
- of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking..." Today a visitor
- sees the massive granite front of Horeb that rises
- perpendicularly out of moonscape and in the autumn and winter
- months may be surrounded by sudden clouds, thunder, lightning
- and lashing rains.
- </p>
- <p> "Whosoever toucheth the mount shall surely be put to death,"
- said the Lord. For over 3,000 years, the occupiers of the Sinai
- peninsula, from Justinian to the Prophet Muhammed to Abdel
- Nasser and Golda Meir, took the site under their protection.
- Mount Sinai is enclosed in a convective divinity that is
- primitive and powerful. The mountain seems to gather thousands
- of years into a prismatic clarity. The Egyptian Ministry of
- Housing and Reconstruction, however, is not awed.
- </p>
- <p> The tourist pressure has been building for years. Today some
- 30,000 visitors a year come to Mount Sinai. Most arrive in
- buses from Cairo or else take a twice weekly Air Sinai flight
- that lands at an airstrip built by the Israelis during their
- occupation. If the Egyptian government's plans go according to
- projections, some 565,000 tourists--an almost 1,800% increase--will arrive every year. What is wrong with that? That part
- of the Sinai is a wilderness populated mostly by Bedouins and
- the 17 Greek Orthodox monks at St. Catherine's monastery. Egypt
- urgently needs hard currency. The other tourist sites, the
- pyramids at Giza, the temples at Luxor, are overwhelmed by
- foreigners. Why not open up a sluice of tourism to the Sinai?
- </p>
- <p> There are three irretrievable losses waiting here.
- </p>
- <p> The first is to the monks of the Greek Orthodox monastery.
- St. Catherine's sits in a wadi at the foot of Mount Sinai. For
- 14 continuous centuries, the monks have prayed there. Since the
- middle of the 6th century they have placed the skulls and bones
- of dead monks in the monastery's charnel house. In one corner
- of the monastery, surrounded by a protective wall, is what
- tradition says is the Burning Bush, a large, dense bramble
- whose leaves have been coming out olive green for 3,000 years.
- The monks' medieval tradition of hospitality to the wayfarer
- was never meant to accommodate tour buses. The volume of
- tourism is exhausting the monks. Increasing the load of
- visitors to an average of 1,500 a day would swamp the
- monastery. The monks might have to close down. Or perhaps the
- government could hire people to impersonate monks--a sort of
- Williamsburg pageantry. (Do prayers performed by impostors have
- any spiritual voltage?) Or the government might make the
- monastery a museum. Or a hotel. What would the ministry do with
- the skulls?
- </p>
- <p> The second loss would be to the environment. There are 812
- species of plants in the Sinai, half of them found in the high
- mountains around St. Catherine's. Of those, 27 are endemic,
- found nowhere else in the world, according to Joseph Hobbs, a
- University of Missouri geographer who has studied nature on the
- massif. Ibex browse and graze on Mount Sinai, virtually tame,
- because the Bedouins never hunt them, regarding the territory
- as sacred. The contemplated tourism would arrive in that nature
- like a neutron bomb.
- </p>
- <p> The third catastrophe would be visited upon the idea of
- sanctity itself. No one would propose to raze the old city of
- Jerusalem, which contains some of the holiest sites of
- Christianity, Judaism and Islam, in order to make way for
- parking lots and discotheques. But because Mount Sinai is mere
- raw nature, somehow it is more vulnerable to the idea of
- "development"--a business word suggesting (ridiculously in
- this case) improvement.
- </p>
- <p> Somewhere this bulldozing desanctification for money must
- end. If the attraction of Mount Sinai is its holy wilderness,
- and even the physical effort required to approach it, tourist
- development threatens to destroy the uniqueness and
- transcendence of the pilgrimage. The Egyptians are often
- haphazard about protecting their dead treasures. Now they seem
- ready to sacrifice a powerful, living mountain that is in their
- care. Perhaps they will make the cable cars in the shape of
- calves and gild them. The golden calves can slide up and down
- Mount Sinai and show God who won.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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